Category Archives: Reference

These are materials for teachers and parents, and you’ll find, in this category, teachers copies and answer keys for worksheets, quotes related to domain-specific knowledge in English Language Arts and social studies, and quotes on issues of professional concern. See the Taxonomies page for more about this category.

Rotten Reviews: Miss Macintosh, My Darling by Marguerite Young

“…In her zeal to demonstrate that nothing lives except in the imagination, Miss Young, with superb virtuosity, may have written a novel that in the profoundest sense does not exist.”

Excerpted from: Bernard, Andre, and Bill Henderson, eds. Pushcart’s Complete Rotten Reviews and Rejections. Wainscott, NY: Pushcart Press, 1998.

A. Lawrence Lowell on the Accumulation of Knowledge

“[On why universities have so much learning] ‘The freshmen bring a little in and the seniors take none out, to it accumulates through the years.”

A. Lawrence Lowell

Quoted in Reader’s Digest, May 1949

Excerpted from: Shapiro, Fred, ed. The Yale Book of Quotations. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.

Term of Art: Platitude

“Platitude: A commonplace statement or remark, especially if presented as though newly minted or uttered with an air of solemnity, as in ‘I’ve said it before and no doubt I’ll say it again: There is no smoke without fire.'”

Excerpted from: McArthur, Tom. The Oxford Concise Companion to the English Language. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.

Common Errors in English Usage: Admission and Admittance

Across the almost 16 years I worked in New York City, I sought to teach students how to write cogently and grammatically. I won’t go into my “philosophy” of teaching writing, which really isn’t much of a philosophy other than to use methods and materials appropriate for the students in front of me. That said, very early on I recognized the importance of teaching English usage. Put another way, writing is using the English language, and we owe it to our students to assist them in developing their understanding of how to use the language as effectively as possible.

So I was encouraged when several years ago I was reviewing the Common Core Standards for English Language Arts for grades 11-12 and found, under “Conventions of Standard English,” this expectation: “Standard (L.11-12.1b)-Resolve issues of complex or contested usage, consulting references, (e.g., Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary of English Usage, Garner’s Modern American Usage) as needed.” The first of the two titles listed, the Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary of English Usage is first rate, like everything else I’ve seen from that publishing house. That said, the Merriam-Webster’s may be a bit too technical for struggling learners, emergent readers, and English language learners.

By the same token, I have little doubt that Garner’s Modern American Usage is too technical for all but the most advanced readers and writers. This is a book, in my estimation, written for professional writers. Brian Garner is a linguist and lexicographer par excellence, and he writes, for the most part in a register for his peers. If it means anything, while I admire Mr. Garner’s work, I myself tend to lean more heavily on Merriam-Webster’s usage dictionary.

But what to do for students, particularly struggling students? By chance, I hit on using Paul Brians’ fine book, Common Errors in English Usage (Portland, OR: William James & Co., 2013). Amazingly, Professor Brians appears to have made the whole book available for free under that hyperlink, and if you want a PDF of it, it is also available here for free. That solves my problem of presenting his material in worksheet form without infringing on his copyright.

I chose about 200 entries from Common Errors in English Usage as the basis of a new set of short exercises to teach usage. Another 50 or so entries from the book will show up here as homophone worksheets. Today, however, I offer the first Common Errors in English Usage on the nouns admission and admittance. As I write these, I find that they are a way not so much of dealing with the words themselves–though they do that too–but about exploring the concept of proper usage in prose. Because of that, I expect that there will be a good deal of class discussion of the context of these sentences and which word fits most appropriately in them.

Remember that this is a new kind of document at Mark’s Text Terminal. I feel some chagrin in admitting that I have not used the worksheet appended here in the classroom. I use a lot of materials like it, so I can say with the modest confidence of experience that this is probably sound material. That said, if you have ever considered offering your comments on the material on Mark’s Text Terminal, I would particularly appreciate your assessment of this worksheet–before I set out to write 200 more of them.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Brewer’s Curious Titles: The Selfish Gene

“A book (1976) by the biologist Richard Dawkins (b. 1941) that popularized the evolutionary theory that living organisms are primarily the means by which genes perpetuate themselves. This helped to explain the continuing existence of characteristics that do not necessarily benefit an individual organism. The book did much to popularize the field of sociobiology.

‘They are in you and me; they created us, body and mind; and their preservation is the ultimate rationale for our existence…they go by the name of genes, and we are their survival machines.'”

Excerpted from: Crofton, Ian, ed. Brewer’s Curious Titles. London: Cassell, 2002.

Cosmati Work

“Cosmati Work: Architectural and decorative stone surfaces inlaid with cubes of colored glass, marble mosaic tesserae, and gilding, produced in Italy from the 12th to the 14th centuries. From Cosmati, the family of craftsman who worked in the technique.”

Excerpted from: Diamond, David G. The Bulfinch Pocket Dictionary of Art Terms. Boston: Little Brown, 1992.

Term of Art: Common Noun

“common noun: One whose application is not restricted to arbitrarily distinguished members of a class. E.g. girl is a common noun that may be used in reference to any individual characterizable in general as a girl. Distinguished from a proper noun.

Excerpted from: Marshall, P.H., ed. The Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Terms of Art: Anti-Clericalism

“Anti-clericalism: Opposition to organized religion, particularly the power and privileges of the Roman Catholic Church. Anti-clericalism, though not a coherent political doctrine, has a long history. In England it is traceable to the 14th century when Wyclif insisted that all men had a right to access to the scriptures. In Tudor times, anti-clericalism arose from a variety of motives ranging from greed to a desire to plunder the monasteries to a genuine dislike of priestly powers and abuses. Modern anti-clericalism was prevalent in revolutionary France and remained characteristic of French radicalism during the 19th century. Anti-clericalism has broken out sporadically in Spain (notably in 1873, 1909-13 and 1931-36) and in Latin America. In Germany there has been a long history of anti-clericalism stemming from the opposition to the territorial claims of the Pole and, more recently, over the Catholic Church’s attitude to divorce and contraception. In some communist states, anti-clericalism has risen from the government’s identification of the clergy with former fascist regimes and as part of an ideological battle for the loyalty of the masses.”

Excerpted from: Cook, Chris. Dictionary of Historical Terms. New York: Gramercy, 1998.

The Algonquin Wits: Dorothy Parker on Claire Boothe Luce

“Told that Clare Boothe Luce was invariably kind to her inferiors, Mrs. Parker asked, ‘And where does she find them?'”

Excerpted from: Drennan, Robert E., ed. The Algonquin Wits. New York: Kensington, 1985.

A Learning Support on Transition Words

In the last year, I published a thousand blog posts; that’s as many as I published in the preceding three years. As a result, I have basically emptied my English Language Arts Learning Supports folder, which comes as a bit of a surprise to me. I don’t for a minute doubt that I will continue to create new supports, but for now, besides this learning support on transition words, I only have one more to post–a glossary of poetic terms that really is a differently designed version of something I already posted here.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.