Category Archives: Social Sciences

You’ll find domain-specific material designed to meet Common Core Standards in social studies, along with adapted and differentiated materials that deal with a broad array of conceptual knowledge in the social sciences. See the Taxonomies page for more about this category.

Concepts in Sociology: Ageism

The lead story from Mark’s Text Terminal on this already hot day concerns the operation’s recent move. I didn’t go far–just a ten-minute walk from where I have lived for the past two years. I am now in the Midwood section of Brooklyn, about two blocks from Brooklyn College. This is a very nice area adjacent to the sublime precincts, from south to north, of Fiske Terrace-Midwood Park, Ditmas Park, and Prospect Park South. Since I’m an old guy now, this, I expect, will be the last place I live.

So it struck me as a fine synchrony when I found the second worksheet of a series of 69 general conceptual documents for a sociology class last year was this worksheet on the concept of ageism. It’s a full page worksheet with a reading of four longish sentences and three comprehension questions. If it looks like it was put together on the fly, believe me, it was. However, this could be edited down to a half-page do-now exercise, or expanded with some critical questions. Because this worksheet is formatted in Microsoft Word, you can adapt it to your classroom’s needs. More than enough said.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Thomas Szasz on Adulthood

“Adulthood is the ever-shrinking period between childhood and old age. It is the apparent aim of modern industrial societies to reduce this period to a minimum.”

Thomas Szasz

Excerpted from: Winokur, Jon, ed. The Big Curmudgeon. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal, 2007.

Cognoscenti

“Cognoscenti (plural noun): Individuals having authoritative knowledge of a field or subject, especially in the arts; informed or expert specialists. Singular: cognoscente.

‘Some of the illustrations will be revelations even to the cognoscenti. The soaring drama of the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, Milan, for example, is an extraordinary fish-eye photo.’ J. Mourdant Crook, Times Literary Supplement.”

Excerpted from: Grambs, David. The Random House Dictionary for Writers and Readers. New York: Random House, 1990.

Cultural Literacy: Write-In Candidate

There has been a lot of talk about civics education in my corner of the world of public education, but virtually no action. At a time when democracy around the world is under clear and demonstrable threat, it is clearly time to deal with revitalizing the political structure that Winston Churchill so wittily said is “…the worst form of Government except for all those other forms that have been tried from time to time.…”

I doubt whether this Cultural Literacy worksheet on the concept of a write-in candidate will do anything to buttress democracy, but I would argue that as we send our graduating high school seniors out in the world to exercise their franchise, this is a concept they should understand. This is half-page worksheet with a one-sentence reading–38 words though, with an element in parentheses, which may require editing for some students–and one comprehension question.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Theodore Sizer on the Message Kids Get

“Unchallenged kids get the message. If adults expect little of them, expect that they must be reminded, hectored, hassled, expect them to be goof-offs, then they will goof off. Of course, some people will goof off no matter what expectations are set. But teachers should assume the highest standard of performance until they are shown that it is not forthcoming. This is the proper start for each young person’s education. If that standard is substantial and persuasive–if it symbolizes the dignity of a demanding expectation–more often than not, adolescents rise to the occasion.”

Excerpted from: Sizer, Theodore. Horace’s Hope. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1996.

Cultural Literacy: Woodrow Wilson

Here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Woodrow Wilson. This is a two-page worksheet with a reading of ten sentences (a full paragraph, in other words) and eight comprehension questions. As usual, the editors of The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy render with economy a complex biography of a public figure. The reading, you probably won’t be surprised to hear, neglects to mention President Wilson’s racism, which is a critical question well worth exploring.

Anything, I suppose, to strike a blow against the hideousness of American exceptionalism.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Cultural Literacy: Friend of the Court

Here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on the concept of a friend of the court. This is a half-page worksheet with a reading of two sentences (the second of which is a compound–two clauses separated by a semicolon) and two comprehension questions. In other words, this is a basic introduction to an important concept in jurisprudence, particularly at the level of the Supreme Court. Right now, given the sleaze we’re seeing from at least two associate justices, i.e. taking lavish trips funded by individuals with business before the court, the Supreme Court needs all the friends it can get.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

The Doubter’s Companion: Participation

“Participation: Democracy is built and maintained through individual participation, yet society is structured to discourage it.

And ours is the most structured of civilizations. Forty-hour work weeks. Work breaks calculated to the minute. Weekends measured for recuperation. Various specific leaves for sickness and giving birth. Set holiday periods. Official days of celebration or mourning. When it’s all added up and the time to eat, copulate, sleep, and see families is included, twenty-four hours have been accounted for.

The only built-in space of time for individual participation is a fixed period for voting, which probably averages out to an hour a year. The only time society formally organizes extended participation is over matters of violence. (Military service or when a judge orders convicted criminals to do community service.)

Why is the function which makes democracy viable treated as if it were expendable? Or rather, why is it excluded by being reduced to a minor activity requiring the sacrifice of time formally allotted to other things?

Nothing prevents up from revising the schedule to build in four or five hours a week for public participation. Our failure to do something like this is a statement either about the state of the democratic ethic or about the real nature of power in our society.”

Excerpted from: Saul, John Ralston. The Doubter’s Companion. New York: The Free Press, 1994.

Cultural Literacy: Disenfranchisement

On an already, at 5:10 a.m., hot and muggy morning in northeastern Massachusetts, here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on disenfranchisement. This is a half-page worksheet with a reading of one sentence–to wit, “Removal of the franchise, or right to vote”–and one comprehension question. A concise explanation of a relatively simple concept with big consequences for a democracy like ours in the United States.

And given what has happened in some of our state legislatures in the past several years, something that it is important, indeed vitally important, I would argue, that our students understand.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

The Weekly Text, 7 July 2023: A Pair of Context Clues Worksheets on the Nouns Deficit and Surplus

OK, this week’s Text, at the end of the the first full week of summer vacation, is a pair of context clues on the nouns deficit and surplus. For the purposes of these worksheets, deficit means “an excess of expenditure over revenue”  and “a loss in business operations”; surplus means “the amount that remains when use or need is satisfied” and “an excess of receipts over disbursements.” If you think it would be helpful, I prepared this lexicon on deficit and surplus for classroom use.

As I’ve mentioned in previous posts, I served for ten years in an economics-and-finance-themed high school in Lower Manhattan. Therefore, the definitional range of these worksheets is narrow when viewed in the broader context of the meanings of these words. The lexicon is edited for simplicity (mostly by removing the etymology and some of the diacritical marks) but contains full definitions of both words. In any event, these documents are, like almost everything you’ll find on Mark’s Text Terminal, formatted in Microsoft Word. In other words, you can edit them for your classroom’s needs.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.