“Government action is not the whole answer to the present crisis, but it is an important partial answer. Morals cannot be legislated, but behavior can be regulated. The law cannot make an employer love me, but it can keep him from refusing to hire me because of the color of my skin.”
Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story ch. 11 (1958)
Excerpted from: Schapiro, Fred, ed. The Yale Book of Quotations. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.
OK, social studies teachers, here is a short reading on the American Civil War Battle of Antietam along with a vocabulary-building and comprehension worksheet to go with it.
If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.
“Timothy Mofolorunso Aluko: (1918-2010) Nigerian novelist. Aluko’s novels deal with the conflicts and dilemmas attendant upon social change in a comic manner. Unlike his fellow Nigerian, Achebe, Aluko focuses on the more contemporary clash of values which accompany modernization. Aluko’s style is lightly ironic, preferring to reveal the corruption of the educated African elite in seemingly neutral tones. His novels are One Man, One Wife (1959), One Man, One Matchet (1964), Kinsman and Foreman (1966), Chief the Honorable Minister (1970), His Worshipful Majesty (1973), Wrong Ones in the Dock (1982) and A State of Our Own (1986).”
Excerpted from: Murphy, Bruce, ed. Benet’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.
Posted in English Language Arts, Essays/Readings, Quotes, Reference
“Metalanguage: A language used to refer to statements made in another language, called in this context the object language. If the statements being referred to are in French and the statements referring to them are in English, for example, then the distinction between object language (French) and the metalanguage (English) is clear, but if the object language and metalanguage are both expressed in English, or both in a formal language such as the predicate calculus, then confusion can arise. Quotation marks can sometimes help, as in the sentence ‘Snow is white’ is true if an only if snow is white, in which the statement belonging to the object language is enclosed in quotation marks. Many paradoxes, including debatably the liar paradox, arise from a failure to distinguish object language from metalanguage: expressions involving true and false, when applied to a sentence, must always be expressed in a metalanguage and not in the object language of the sentence, The ideas behind the concept of a metalanguage are traceable to an article ‘On Denoting’ by the Welsh philosopher Bertrand (Arthur William) Russell (1872-1972) in the journal Mind in 1905, and the concept was fully developed by the Polish logician and mathematician Alfred Tarski (1902-1983) in his monograph De Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen (The Concept of Truth in Formalized Languages) in 1933.”
Excerpted from: Colman, Andrew M., ed. Oxford Dictionary of Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
Here’s a lesson plan on fitness along with its short reading and accompanying vocabulary-building and comprehension worksheet. If you want slightly longer versions of these documents, they’re under that hyperlink.
If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.
“Long Walk to Freedom: The autobiography (1994) of Nelson Mandela (1918-2013), the first black president of South Africa, who, under the apartheid regime, had been jailed for three decades, largely on Robben Island. The title is said to have been inspired by the words in ‘From Lucknow to Tripuri,’ and essay (1939) by Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964), who was to become the first prime minister of independent India:
There is not easy walk-over to freedom anywhere, and many of us will have to pass through the valley of the shadow again and again before we reach the mountain-tops of our desire.”
Excerpted from: Murphy, Bruce, ed. Benet’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.
I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: A volume of memoirs (1970) by the African-American writer, singer, and actress Maya Angelou (1928-2014). Angelou borrowed her title—a metaphor for the African-American experience—from the US writer Paul Lawrence Dunbar (1872-1906):
I know why the caged bird sings, ah me,
When his wing is bruised and his bosom sore—
When he beats his bars and he would be free;
It is not a carol of joy or glee,
But a prayer that he sends from his heart’s deep core,
But a plea, that upward to Heaven he flings—
I know why the caged bird sings!
Paul Lawrence Dunbar: ‘Sympathy,’ in The Complete Poems (1895)
Dunbar may have been inspired by an earlier line:
When caged birds sing, when indeed they cry.
John Webster: The White Devil (1612), V.iv
Excerpted from: Crofton, Ian, ed. Brewer’s Curious Titles. London: Cassell, 2002.
OK, folks tomorrow begins Black History Month 2020. Circumstances impel me, as they do every February, to editorialize briefly in saying that if Americans are honest with themselves about the history of the United States, then every month is Black History Month. That said, I am distinctly uncomfortable second-guessing the founders of Black History Month, particularly Dr. Carter G. Woodson.
So, let’s start the month off with this independent practice worksheet on the Songhai Empire.
If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.
“Shakespeare’s name, you may depend on it, stands absurdly too high and will go down. He had no invention as to stories, none whatever. He took all his plots from old novels, and threw their stories into a dramatic shape, at as little expense or thought as you or I could turn his plays back again into prose tales.”
Lord Byron, letter to James Hogg 1814
Excerpted from: Barnard, Andre, and Bill Henderson, eds. Pushcart’s Complete Rotten Reviews and Rejections. Wainscott, NY: Pushcart Press, 1998.
“Blue for space * White for water * Red for fire * Green for wind * Yellow for earth
These are the colours seen in the wind-whipped Buddhist silk prayer flags that fly in Tibet and the mountain valleys of the Himalayas.”
Excerpted from: Rogerson, Barnaby. Rogerson’s Book of Numbers: The Culture of Numbers–from 1,001 Nights to the Seven Wonders of the World. New York: Picador, 2013.
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