Tag Archives: fiction/literature

Cultural Literacy: Sarcasm

Here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on sarcasm. This is a half-page worksheet with a reading of two sentences (the second of which is longish, but not insurmountable for emergent and struggling readers) and three comprehension questions. Just the bare facts about this often corrosive form of irony.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Absurdity

“absurdity: The experience of absurdity is a common theme in the work of novelists such as Dostoevsky and Kafka, as well as in the many varieties of existentialism. The early essays of Albert Camus and his first novel The Outsider are classic modern expressions of this experience. The realization that existence is absurd arises from the sense of futility and meaninglessness provoked by the perception that there is a divorce between the human aspiration towards infinity and the finite nature of actual human experience, or between the intellectual desire for rationality and the irrationality of the physical world. The world is experienced as something unintelligible, and as the product of random combinations of events and circumstances. Although the experience of the absurd can induce s suicidal despair, the realization that there is no God and that human beings are not immortal can also produce an exhilarating sense of freedom and inspire a revolt against the human condition. There is a somewhat tenuous connection between the literary-philosophical notion of the absurd and the themes of the Theater of the Absurd.”

Excerpted from: Macey, David. The Penguin Dictionary of Critical Theory. New York: Penguin, 2001.

Cultural Literacy: Realism

This Cultural Literacy worksheet on realism might be of some use in an English classroom, though I admit I’ve never heard the term uttered in any English class I’ve co-taught. In any event, this is a half-page worksheet with a reading of two sentences, the second of which is longish, but not unwieldy, and three comprehension questions. A solid, but basic, introduction to this concept in the fine arts.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Elizabeth Hardwick on Reading

“Reading—what sort of subject is this? There are ‘reading scores,’ and ‘my early reading,’ and ‘reading the future.’ There are neurology and pedagogy and linguistics and dyslexia and lipreading. And then there is plain reading for information and pleasure—neither very plain indeed….”

Elizabeth Hardwick

[If you’d like to read the rest of this important essay, you can find it here transcribed as a Microsoft Word Document.]

Excerpted from: Hardwick, Elizabeth. The Uncollected Essays of Elizabeth Hardwick. New York: New York Review of Books, 2022.

The Weekly Text, 8 August 2025: Lesson Seven of a Unit on Writing Reviews

OK–after eight weeks of drafting these posts, this week’s Text is seventh and final lesson plan of a unit on writing reviews. Since this lesson concludes the unit and turns students loose to write their reviews, I have included four Cultural Literacy worksheets as do-now exercises with the idea that students will need at least four days to write and revise their compositions. So here are those documents on hyperbole, nuance, analogy, and paraphrase. Each of these worksheet is a half-page long with short readings and three or fewer comprehension questions.

At this point in the unit, students should have their thoughts on their review outlined, and, therefore, in a final state of organization. So this short organizer is the worksheet for this lesson, and simply asks students a few final clarifying questions on their planned paper. This is for their benefit, and one final clarifying exercise.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Cultural Literacy: Pun

This Cultural Literacy worksheet on the pun as a literary device seems to me particularly useful if one is writing about literature, but may apply to other cultural forms as well–e.g. song lyrics and titles. This is a half-page document with a reading of four sentences and two comprehension questions.

A word about the reading: these sentences are long and complicated and may present significant challenges to struggling or emergent readers. I think you’ll see what I mean when you look at it. In fact, for the students I have historically served, this document is probably inappropriate; in the event that I wanted to teach kids about puns (and incidentally, here in New York City, I’ve never seen this done for the simple reason that knowledge of puns isn’t something that Regents Examinations test for; and yes, this is how idiotic this has become), I would probably significantly rewrite this is I were planning to administer it to struggling or emergent readers, or for students for whom English is a second language.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

The Weekly Text, 1 August 2025: Lesson Six of a Unit on Writing Reviews

Here, in this Weekly Text, is sixth lesson plan, the penultimate lesson of the a seven-lesson unit on writing reviews. This lesson opens with this Cultural Literacy worksheet on cliche, the utility of which in a lesson on writing reviews I’ll assume needs no explanation. There are two worksheets for this lesson: the first is a mentor text on outlining; the second is a structured outlining worksheet.

And that it’s for this week. Come back next week for the final lesson in this unit.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Cultural Literacy: Parody

OK, moving right along this morning, here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on parody. This is a half-page worksheet with a one-sentence reading and one comprehension question. A spare, useful definition of this literary concept–and a word that might appear in reviews of a great deal of comedy.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Cultural Literacy: Narrator

Here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on the narrator in storytelling. This is a half-page worksheet with a reading of three sentences and three comprehension questions. This is a relatively straightforward exercise, but I can’t help wonder if it doesn’t offer a possibility for instantiation: What is a movie, TV show, or story that you like? Who is the narrator?

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

50 Argonauts

“Jason * Orpheus (the lyre-playing musician) * Mopsus the seer * Heracles and his male love of the moment, the handsome young Hylas (who gets kidnapped by water nymphs) * Pollux the champion boxer who kills the king of the Bebyrycians * Shape-shifting Periclymenus * Fast-footed Euphemus * Winged Calais and Zetes (sons of the North Wind who repel the Harpies) * and 40 more

The Argo, which had a magical keel crafted out of a sacred oak from the oracle of Dodona, was crewed by fifty heroes of ancient Greece—the Argonauts. Jason was the leader of this warrior band (sometimes referred to as the ‘Minyans’) sent on what was presumed to be a suicidal quest by King Pelias, his usurping half-uncle. Their mission was to sail to Colchis (Georgia) and seize possession of the Golden Fleece of a divine ram what hung from a tree in a grove sacred to Ares, god of war, guarded by a sleepless dragon.

Every city in Greece liked to imagine that they contributed a hero to this mythical band, which means that the list has had to grow in number, though if you examine the text of Apollonius of Rhodes, written in third-century Alexandria, it is easy enough to identify all the named Argonauts. Even this cast, however, numbers fifty-five, though by juggling who comes on, as others go off, the good ship Argo, it is just about possible to keep to fifty.

If you add other famous names and such ubiquitous heroes such as Bellerophon, Nestor, Perseus, Atalanta, and Theseus, you can grow the crew to eighty, which has a hidden harmony with the text of Apollonius, who has embedded eighty aitia in his epic. These are short verse sequences which give the mythical origins or such curious things as the sacred water-carrying race held on the island of Aegina or how the island of Thira is linked with Libya. The final text comprise 6,000 lines, which can be recited in one day to reasonably alert ancient theater audience.”

Excerpted from: Rogerson, Barnaby. Rogerson’s Book of Numbers: The Culture of Numbers–from 1,001 Nights to the Seven Wonders of the World. New York: Picador, 2013.