Tag Archives: readings/research

Basic English

“Basic English: A simple form of English designed by C.K. Ogden (1889-1957). It has 850 words, with rules of their use and expansion of sense, and 150 more bridge words for specific fields, such as medicine, chemistry, and physics, which have themselves a body of internationally common words or signs. Working with Ogden on its development was I.A. Richards, who took the system to schools and universities in China as a help in the teaching of English at all levels. Its possible use as an international language was the reason Sir Winston Churchill, one of its strong supporters, gave part of his talk at a Harvard commencement in Basic English. Before his death in 1979, Richards was again in China, working on the use of basic English for international purposes. [Ed. Note: This entry is written in Basic English.]”

Excerpted from: Murphy, Bruce, ed. Benet’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

Unified Science or Unity-of-Science View

“Unified science or unity-of-science view: In the philosophy of logical positivism, the doctrine holding that all science share the same language, laws, and method. The unity of language has been taken to mean that either that all scientific statements could be restated as a set of protocol sentences describing sense-data or that all scientific terms could be defined using physics terms. The unity of law means that the laws of the various sciences must be deduced from some set of fundamental laws (e.g. those of physics). The unity of method means that the procedures for supporting statements in the various sciences are basically the same. The unity-of-science movement that arose in the Vienna Circle held to those three unities, and Rudolf Carnap’s ‘physicalism’ supported the notion that all the terms and statements of empirical science could be reduced to terms and statements in the language of physics.”

Excerpted/Adapted from: Stevens, Mark A., Ed. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Encyclopedia. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, 2000.

Nuclear Fission

Moving along, here is a reading on nuclear fission with its accompanying vocabulary-building and comprehension worksheet. Science teachers take note (I guess): This is a good general introduction to a complicated topic.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

The Doubter’s Companion: Zeno

“Zeno: Father of the paradox. Philosopher of the fifth century BC, A source of Socrates’ technique and of humor as a weapon against power and pedantry. The other Zeno, also a philosopher and father of the Stoic movement, committed suicide.”

Excerpted from: Saul, John Ralston. The Doubter’s Companion. New York: The Free Press, 1994.

Kinetic Art

“Kinetic Art: Art that moves, driven by atmospheric forces (e.g. Alexander Calder’s mobiles) or by motors, magnets, etc. Retrospectively applied to sculpture in motion created since the 1920s, recent kinetic art includes machine ‘sculptures’ by the art collective Survival Research Laboratory.

Excerpted from: Diamond, David G. The Bulfinch Pocket Dictionary of Art Terms. Boston: Little Brown, 1992.

Placebo Effect

Here is a reading on placebo effect along with its attendant vocabulary-building and comprehension worksheet. I don’t know if this is something high school students need to know; it is something that pops up (e.g. in an episode of Family Guy that I watched late last night) in common discourse often enough that we should at least consider its relevance to everyday life.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Pi

OK, moving along to a subject that I really cannot teach (mathematics), here is a reading on pi along with its accompanying vocabulary-building and comprehension worksheet. I guess that’s pretty much all there is to say about that.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi

“Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi: (1746-1827) Swiss educational reformer. Between 1805 and 1825 he directed the Yverdon Institute (near Neuchatel), which drew pupils and educators (including Friedrich Froebel) from all over Europe. His teaching method emphasized group rather than individual recitation and focused on such participatory activities as drawing, writing, singing, physical exercise, model making, collecting, mapmaking, and field trips. Among his ideas, considered radically innovative at the time, were making allowances for individual differences, grouping students by ability rather than age, and encouraging formal teacher training.”

Excerpted from: Stevens, Mark A., Ed. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Encyclopedia. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, 2000.

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck on the Evolution of the Giraffe

“It is interesting to observe the result of habit in the peculiar shape and size of the giraffe (Camelo-pardalis): this animal, the largest of mammals, is known to live in the interior of Africa in places where the soil is nearly always arid and barren, so that it is obliged to browse on the leaves of trees and make a constant effort to reach them. From this habit long maintained in all its race, it has resulted that the animal’s fore-legs have become longer than its hind legs, and that its neck is lengthened to such a degree that the giraffe, without standing on its hind legs, attains a height of six metres.”

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Philosophie Zoologique pt. 1 ch. 7 (1809)

Excerpted from: Schapiro, Fred, ed. The Yale Book of Quotations. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.

The Ozone Layer

Here is a reading on the ozone layer along with its attendant vocabulary-building and comprehension worksheet. Given that the United States Supreme Court recently handed down a decision, in West Virginia v. Environmental Protection Agency et al, limiting the EPA’s authority to regulate emissions of chemicals that pollute the air and use the atmosphere of this planet for, you know, a toilet, this material may be suddenly quite relevant.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.