Category Archives: Social Sciences

You’ll find domain-specific material designed to meet Common Core Standards in social studies, along with adapted and differentiated materials that deal with a broad array of conceptual knowledge in the social sciences. See the Taxonomies page for more about this category.

Concepts in Sociology: Altruism

Here is a worksheet on the concept of altruism that I developed on the fly last spring. This is a full-page worksheet with a three-sentence reading and three comprehension questions. I ended up not using this, because if I had I probably would have adapted it some: the reading contains some terms of art from sociology that require amplification and explanation. Also, I think there are some critical questions to ask about altruism–how does it benefit society? for starters–that I didn’t get around to writing.

This is more of a skeleton than a fully fleshed-out worksheet. Like almost everything on this website, however, it is formatted in Microsoft Word. You can, therefore, adapt it to your classroom’s needs.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Immanuel Kant

Here is a reading on Immanuel Kant along with its attendant vocabulary-building and comprehension worksheet. Over the years, I’ve published a number of documents posts on various figures in western philosophy; at my first posting in New York City, at a school in the South Bronx, I found myself in the company of a student who had improbably–but certainly not implausibly, as he demonstrated with the skill and enthusiasm with which he dealt with these materials–conceived an interest in the major figures in continental philosophy.

In other words, I used these documents once, with one student. It was worth it. But I am under no illusions about the level of demand for this material, which will be low if it exists at all.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Jeanne Chall on Key Differences Between Teacher-Centered and Student-Centered Instruction 1: What Should Be Learned in School?

[Herewith begins a series of 16 quotes from Jeanne Chall on the difference between teacher-centered and student centered pedagogical approaches. I became aware of Jeanne Chall through a post on Diane Ravitch’s Blog related to the “Science of Reading,” which remains a controversial concept, and the so-called (and stupidly called, in this writer’s estimation) “reading wars.” You may have listened to Sold a Story, Emily Hanford’s podcast series on this issue from American Public Media–which has also aroused controversy, and which the always perceptive and thoughtful Nancy Bailey has commented upon. Unfortunately, the book of Jeanne Chall’s Dr. Ravitch sites as an exemplar of theory and practice in reading pedagogy, Learning to Read: The Great Debate, appears to be out of print. I settled for the title sited below, The Academic Achievement Challenge: What Really Works in the Classroom? (New York: The Guilford Press, 2002). I excerpted the subsequent 15 quotes posts from that book. Should you be interested in this material for your planning book for for discourses in professional development sessions, here is the typescript of the entire series of quotes.]

“Teacher-Centered: Knowledge from the past, present, and foreseeable future; skills important for the individual and society. A core curriculum based on the traditional disciplines of reading, writing, literature, mathematics, science, social studies, and art—arranged in an increasing order of difficulty.

Student-Centered: School learning should be based on the learner’s interests and needs. Theoretically, there is no required core curriculum that is arranged hierarchically. Subject matter is not structured. The emphasis is on the learning process and on a variety of subjects that are integrated to make them more meaningful.”

Excerpted from: Chall, Jeanne S. The Academic Achievement Challenge: What Really Works in the Classroom? New York: The Guilford Press, 2002.

Cultural Literacy: Zeno’s Paradox

Moving right along this morning, here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Zeno’s paradox. This is a half-page document with a three-sentence reading and three comprehension questions. The first sentence of the reading does a nice job of defining paradox; however, beware the third sentence, which in forty-nine words (!) explains Zeno’s paradox of the arrow.

If I were a betting man, I would wager that emergent readers and learners of English of a new language will experience some challenges with either the turgid length of this sentence, or the relatively complicated ideas within it. In other words, caveat emptor, and get your editing pencil ready to prepare a shorter and more comprehensible version of this final sentence. I think you will probably end up with at least two, and possibly three sentences.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Prospect Park South

“Neighborhood in northwestern Brooklyn (1990 pop. 28,991), covering sixty acres (twenty-four hectares) and bounded to the north by Church Avenue, to the east by the tracks of the “D” and “Q” subway lines, to the south by Beverley Road, and to the west by Coney Island Avenue. Once owned by the Dutch Reformed church of Flatbush, the area was developed in 1899 by Dean Alvord after the extension of rail service from Manhattan and downtown Brooklyn. He planned the neighborhood to resemble a spacious suburb, engaged John Aitkin to provide landscaping, and established stringent architectural standards. The houses are set back thirty feet (nine meters) from the sidewalk; many were built at the turn of the century in a variety of styles, including Georgian, Prairie, Queen Anne, Elizabethan, neo-Tudor, Pediment, Japanese, Colonial Revival, French Revival, and Mission. A strip of land eight feet (2.4 meters) wide lies between the street and the sidewalk for planting. The streets are lined with trees, and Buckingham and Albemarle roads have central planning malls. The neighborhood is upper middle class and the main commercial thoroughfares are Church and Coney Island avenues.

Excerpted from: Jackson, Kenneth T. The Encyclopedia of New York City. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1995.

Cultural Literacy: Zoning

OK, here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on zoning. This is a half-page worksheet with a one-sentence reading and one comprehension question. A short introduction to a big and controversial subject that ultimately involved the Supreme Court in 1926 in the Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty decision. It’s easy to see how sensible zoning might have prevented this horror show in West, Texas (yes, the town is called West, and I don’t refer here to the larger geographical region of West Texas), or this one in Northwest Houston seven years later.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Ditmas Park

“Neighborhood in west central Brooklyn (1990 population 12,719), bounded to the north by Dorchester Road, to the east by Ocean Avenue, to the south by Newkirk Avenue, and to the west by East 16th Street. It was modeled after the adjacent neighborhood of Prospect Park South by Lewis Pounds, who developed it in the early twentieth century. The Ditmas Park Association was formed in 1908 and enacted special zoning provisions to preserve the character of the neighborhood, which in 1987 was designated a Historic District. Ditmas Park is a middle-class neighborhood of 175 large, detached frame houses on tree-lined streets. Among its notable buildings are the parish house of the Flatbush Tompkins Congregational Church, the former Brown house (1000 Ocean Avenue) and the Community Temple Beth Ohr (1010 Ocean Avenue).

Excerpted from: Jackson, Kenneth T. The Encyclopedia of New York City. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1995.

Concepts in Sociology: Ageism

The lead story from Mark’s Text Terminal on this already hot day concerns the operation’s recent move. I didn’t go far–just a ten-minute walk from where I have lived for the past two years. I am now in the Midwood section of Brooklyn, about two blocks from Brooklyn College. This is a very nice area adjacent to the sublime precincts, from south to north, of Fiske Terrace-Midwood Park, Ditmas Park, and Prospect Park South. Since I’m an old guy now, this, I expect, will be the last place I live.

So it struck me as a fine synchrony when I found the second worksheet of a series of 69 general conceptual documents for a sociology class last year was this worksheet on the concept of ageism. It’s a full page worksheet with a reading of four longish sentences and three comprehension questions. If it looks like it was put together on the fly, believe me, it was. However, this could be edited down to a half-page do-now exercise, or expanded with some critical questions. Because this worksheet is formatted in Microsoft Word, you can adapt it to your classroom’s needs. More than enough said.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Thomas Szasz on Adulthood

“Adulthood is the ever-shrinking period between childhood and old age. It is the apparent aim of modern industrial societies to reduce this period to a minimum.”

Thomas Szasz

Excerpted from: Winokur, Jon, ed. The Big Curmudgeon. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal, 2007.

Cognoscenti

“Cognoscenti (plural noun): Individuals having authoritative knowledge of a field or subject, especially in the arts; informed or expert specialists. Singular: cognoscente.

‘Some of the illustrations will be revelations even to the cognoscenti. The soaring drama of the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, Milan, for example, is an extraordinary fish-eye photo.’ J. Mourdant Crook, Times Literary Supplement.”

Excerpted from: Grambs, David. The Random House Dictionary for Writers and Readers. New York: Random House, 1990.