Tag Archives: professional development

Aporia

“Aporia: The literal meaning of the word is ‘an unpassable path,’ and it is used in Greek philosophy to describe the perplexity induced by a group of statements which, whilst they are individually plausible, are inconsistent or contradictory when taken together (see Plato, The Republic, Philebus, and Protagoras). In rhetoric, the term is applied to the deliberate expression of doubt or uncertainty. The idea of aporia has been taken up by deconstructionists such as [Jacques] Derrida, who use it to describe the undecidability of terms that cannot be reduced to a play of binary oppositions. Derrida’s exploration of the aporias present in Plato’s use of the word pharmakon, which can mean both ‘poison’ and ‘antidote,’ is the classic example of the deconstructionist use of the term.”

Excerpted from: Macey, David. The Penguin Dictionary of Critical Theory. New York: Penguin, 2001.

Term of Art: Standard English

“standard English: The language that is used by the vast majority of newspapers, magazines, and books published in the United States, as well as by most television networks, government agencies, universities, and employers. Critics object that requiring students to learn standard English discriminates against those who do not speak or write standard English and privileges those who do. Yet the ability to read, speak, and comprehend standard English is necessary for anyone who hopes to advance in school, higher education, the professions, or the business world.”

Excerpted from: Ravitch, Diane. EdSpeak: A Glossary of Education Terms, Phrases, Buzzwords, and Jargon. Alexandria, VA: ASCD, 2007.

Mobile

“Mobile: A kinetic sculpture that consists of forms connected by wires or rods and wire. Because it hangs free, it is set in motion by air currents. Devised in 1932 by Alexander Calder.”

Excerpted from: Diamond, David G. The Bulfinch Pocket Dictionary of Art Terms. Boston: Little Brown, 1992.

The Doubter’s Companion: Answers

“Answers: A mechanism for avoiding questions.

This might be called obsessional avoidance or a manic syndrome. It is based on the belief that the possession of an education—particularly if it leads to professional or expert status, and, above all, if it involves some responsibility or power—carries with it an obligation to provide the answer to every question posed in your area of knowledge. This has become much more than the opiate of the rational elites. It may be the West’s most serious addiction.

Time is of the essence in this process. An inability to provide the answer immediately is a professional fault. The availability of unlimited facts can produce an equally unlimited number of absolute powers in most areas. Memory is not highly regarded. Right answers which turn out to be wrong are simply replaced by a new formula. The result of these sequential truths is an assertive or declarative society which admires neither reflection nor doubt and has difficulty with the idea that to most questions there are many answers, none of them absolute and few of them satisfactory except in a limited way.”

Excerpted from: Saul, John Ralston. The Doubter’s Companion. New York: The Free Press, 1994.

Commonplace

“Commonplace (noun): An obvious or trite comment or opinion; routine, unremarkable observation.

‘When he first noticed me, he tried to flummox me by addressing me in Latin, but I was equal to that dodge, and after a few commonplaces, we changed to English.’ Robertson Davies, Fifth Business”

Excerpted from: Grambs, David. The Random House Dictionary for Writers and Readers. New York: Random House, 1990.

The Weekly Text, 12 January 2024: A Lesson Plan on the Latin Word Roots Quadr, Quadri, Quadru, and Quadra

This week’s Text is a lesson plan on the Latin word roots quadr, quadri, quadru, and quadra. They mean, of course, four, and they are at the roots of high school words like quadratic (equation) and more general purpose English words like quadrangle and quadrant.

I open this lesson with this context clues worksheet on the verb quarter. I’m not sure why I chose the verb, as it has nothing to do with the meaning of the root on this worksheet, but rather means, in the context supplied, “to provide with lodging or shelter.” The verb also means “to cut or divide into four equal or nearly equal parts,” and I think this document would probably best be rewritten to furnish that context for inferring this word’s meaning.

Unless of course you’re teaching a lesson on the Third Amendment to the United States Constitution,, i.e. “No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.” In that case, the above-linked context clues worksheet may have some utility for you.

Finally, here is the scaffolded worksheet that is the primary work of this lesson.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Term of Art: Social Cognition

“social cognition: A term used by social and developmental psychologists to refer to how people come to be concerned with the actions, thought, and feelings of others. This area of study examines how social perceptions develop, how individuals make social judgments, and how others affect an individual’s self-concept. Many children with learning disabilities have significant deficits in social cognition as well as academic difficulties.”

Excerpted from: Turkington, Carol, and Joseph R. Harris, PhD. The Encyclopedia of Learning Disabilities. New York: Facts on File, 2006.

Verdigris (n)

During the pandemic, I acquired (and fortunately discarded relatively quickly) the unfortunate habit of writing down the Word of the Day from Merriam-Webster (it appeared on my phone as a notification until I had the good sense to put a stop to it) for future development into context clues worksheets. I have finally finished developing these materials and will begin now to post them on this blog.

This worksheet on the noun verdigris is one of the fruits of this dubious enterprise. The word means “a green or bluish deposit especially of copper carbonates formed on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces.” You know–like on the Statue of Liberty. I doubt very much that this is a word–despite its charms–that high school students need to know. On the other hand, after my maternal grandfather taught me the word one evening while we stood before the verdigris-covered statue of a seated Abraham Lincoln on Bascom Hill at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, I have been pleased to be able to use the word to understand the phenomenon.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Thorstein Veblen

“Thorstein (Bunde) Veblen: (1857-1929) U.S. economist. Born in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, he grew up in Minnesota and earned a PhD in philosophy from Yale University. He taught economics at the University of Chicago and other universities but was unable to keep any position for long because of his unconventional ideas and the disorder in his personal life. In 1899 he published his classic work The Theory of the Leisure Class, which applied Darwin’s evolutionary theories to the study of modern economic life, highlighting the competitive and predatory nature of the business world. With dry humor he identified the markers of American social class, and he coined the term ‘conspicuous consumption’ to describe the display of wealth made by the upper class. His reputation was highest in the 1930s, when the Great Depression was seen as a vindication of his criticism of the business system.”

Excerpted from: Stevens, Mark A., Ed. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Encyclopedia. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, 2000.

A Four-Page Learning Support for United States History

This year, I’ve been assigned to co-teach a United States History class. I’ll spare you the details other than to say that a student I’ve worked with several years, and who is developing into an exceptional human being, asked me for some textual support in the course. So I assembled these four pages of short articles on U.S. history from The Dictionary of Cultural Literacy (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2002).

Can you use them?

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.