Monthly Archives: September 2023

Reinaldo Arenas

“Reinaldo Arenas: (1943-1990) Cuban novelist. A great innovator with an inexhaustible poetic imagination, Arenas suffered years of repression of his ‘lack of realism’ and supposed decadence, as well as for his political dissent and open homosexuality. He exiled himself to New York in 1980. The novel that launched Arenas was El mundo alucinante (1969; tr Hallucinations, 1971), an allegorical reconstruction of the adventures of Fray Servando Teresa de Mier, a Mexican priest of the late 18th century, whose subversive mystical thought paved the way for Mexican independence. Arenas’s central work was ‘pentagony’ of five novels dealing with life in Cuba before and after Castro, consisting of Celestino antes del alba (1967; tr Singing from the Well, 1988); El palacio de las blanquistas mofetas (The Palace of the Very White Skunks, 1980); Otra vez del mar (1982; tr Farewell to the Sea, 1986); El color del verano (The Color of Summer, 1991); and El asalto (1991; tr The Assault, 1993). Other books include La vieja rosa (1980; tr Old Rosa, 1989), depicting a woman’s aging process within a society whose traditional values have been profoundly altered, and Arturo, la Estrella ms brillante (1984; tr Arturo, the Shining Star, 1992), about the traumatic experiences of a homosexual in a concentration camp. Ill with AIDS and no longer able to write, Arenas committed suicide in 1990 after completing his last works. He left two extreme visions of himself, the tender recollections of Adis a Mam (Good-bye to Mama, 1994) and his controversial autobiography, Antes que anochezca (1992; tr Before Night Falls, 1993), which portrays his troubled youth and sexual excesses.”

Excerpted from: Murphy, Bruce, ed. Benet’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

Cultural Literacy: Don Quixote

OK, here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Don Quixote for the final documents post of this blog’s observation of Hispanic Heritage Month 2023. This is a full-page worksheet with a four-sentence reading and six comprehension questions. Perhaps it’s length does not befit this landmark in world literature (confession: I am always reading this book–I keep it by my bedside and read a few pages each week; when I finish, I open the front cover and start again. It really is that good), but it is a solid introduction to this truly great book.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Carlos (Andres) Perez (Rodriguez)

“Carlos (Andres) Perez (Rodriguez): (1922-2010) President of Venezuela (1974-79, 1989-93). He began his political career at 18. A founder of Democratic Action (AD), he was elected president in 1973 with the support of the liberal Romulo Betancourt. He nationalized the oil industry while retaining experienced foreign personnel to ensure efficiency, slowed production to conserve resources, and stimulated small business and agriculture, and channeled petroleum income into hydroelectric projects, education programs, and steel mills. Reelected in 1989, Perez promoted free market economic reforms. After surviving two attempted coups, he was imprisoned in 1993 on charges of embezzlement and misuse of public funds.”

Excerpted from: Stevens, Mark A., Ed. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Encyclopedia. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, 2000.

Cultural Literacy: Central America

OK, here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Central America. This is a full-page worksheet with a four-sentence reading and six comprehension questions. Beware the first sentence in this reading, which is a relatively complicated compound separated by a semicolon. The second clause is a list of all the Central American nations. This sentence may need a bit of revision for emergent readers and English language learners. Fortunately, this document, like most of what you will find on Mark’s Text Terminal, is formatted in Microsoft Word. Essentially, then, it is an open-source document which you may revise for your students’s needs.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Salvador Elizondo

“Salvador Elizondo: (1932-2006) Mexican writer. Linked to the post-Boom writers like Sarduy and Rodriguez Julia, Elizondo is a writer’s writer, with a strong affinity to Borges. In junior high school he lived in in California, which would form the setting for his novella Elsinore (1988). His first collection of stories, Narda o el Verano (1964), contained ‘Historia de Pao Cheng,’ in which the title character leans over a writer’s shoulder to find out that he is a character in the story, and that, should the story end, he will die. The tale synthesizes many of Elizondo’s concerns about the nature of the creative process, the role of the writer and reader, and forms the basis of his novel El hipogeo secreto (1968). Farabeuf (1965; tr Farabeuf, The Chronicle of an Instant, 1992), his first novel, won the Villaurrutia Prize and established him internationally. It chronicles the obsession of a couple with a Chinese form of torture known as ‘Leng t’che,’ but through the use of images and ideograms becomes a hallucinatory, exquisitely written meditation on the insufficiencies and dangers of words. Elizondo has published a play, Miscast (1981), and books of critical prose, including Estanquillo (1993). His Cuaderno de Escritura (1969), ‘a writer’s notebook,’ contains a phrase that admirably sums up his aesthetic: ‘Scribo ergo sum.’”

Excerpted from: Murphy, Bruce, ed. Benet’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

The Weekly Text, 13 October 2023: Styling Sentences Lesson 12, The Compound Sentence with a Semicolon and No Conjunction

OK, your Weekly Text for today is the twelfth lesson plan of the Styling Sentences Unit, this one, as the headline reports, on writing a compound sentence separated with semicolon and no conjunction.

This lesson opens with this worksheet on parsing sentences to find prepositions. The principal work of this lesson for students, either independently or–preferably–in groups, is this scaffolded and supported worksheet. Unlike the work for every lesson from this unit posted so far, this worksheet straddles a line between highly supported work, i.e. sentence stems and cloze exercises, and the considerably less supported worksheets in this unit that call upon students to emulate often complicated mentor texts. Finally, here is a learning support on semicolons and their use in compound sentences.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Benito Perez Galdos

“Benito Perez Galdos: (1843-1920) Spanish novelist. In the 1870s he began a cycle of 46 short historical novels, Episodios nacionales (1873-1912), that earned him comparison with Honore de Balzac and Charles Dickens. Some of his finest works chronicle contemporary Spain, including The Disinherited Lady (1881) and his masterpiece, Fortunata y Jacinta (1886-87), a study of two unhappily married women. His earlier works showed a reforming zeal and anticlericalism, but after the 1880s he displayed greater sympathy for Spain and it idiosyncrasies, as in Nazarin (1895), Compassion (1897), and a series featuring the character Torquemada. He also wrote plays, some very popular, but of less artistic value, He was regarded as Spain’s greatest novelist since Miquel de Cervantes.”

Excerpted from: Stevens, Mark A., Ed. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Encyclopedia. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, 2000.

Cultural Literacy: Diego Rivera

Here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Diego Rivera. This is a half-page worksheet with a reading of two short sentences and two comprehension questions. The basic facts of Diego Rivera’s life in a short, symmetrical exercise probably best used as a do-now exercise at the beginning of a period.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Jorge Luis Borges

“Jorge Luis Borges: (1899-1986) Argentinean short-story writer, essayist, poet, and man of letters. Borges was one of the first Latin American writers to achieve international as well as national fame. His reputation rests equally on his poetry, fiction, and critical/philosophical works. Borges’s writing is unmistakably local in the realities it perceives but is universal in its conceptions, manifesting the ultimate metaphysical preoccupations of man—time, destiny, and the absurdity of human existence. One of Borges’s most famous images is that of life as a labyrinth though which one passes, vainly seeking to understand the many facets of human existence. Only art can triumph over the chaos of existence, crystallizing and unifying experience and providing a sense of structure, validity, and form. His writing, which is a blend of myth, fantasy, symbolism, and erudition, has had a considerable influence on the attitudes and styles of a number of writers. Borges’s eyesight, affected by a congenital disease, deteriorated radically in the 1950s; by 1970 he was almost totally blind and had to rely entirely on dictation for his writing.

Among his many prose works are Ficciones (1944; tr Ficciones, 1962), El Aleph (1949; tr The Aleph and Other Stories, 1970), El informe de Brodie (1970; tr Dr. Brodie’s Report, 1972), El libro de arena (1975; tr The Book of Sand, 1977), Antologia personal (1961; tr A Personal Anthology, 1967), Nuevo essayos dantescos (Nine Dantesque Essays, (1982), Siete noches (1980; tr Seven Nights, 1984), and Los conjurados (The Conspirators, 1985), the last written shortly before his death. His verse has been collected in a translation, Selected Poems: 1923-1967 (1972).

The recipient of many literary awards and prizes, in 1983 Borges was awarded the Legion of Honor and was decorated by France’s President Mitterand for the body of his work.”

Excerpted from: Murphy, Bruce, ed. Benet’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

Cultural Literacy: Caracas

Continuing with material to observe Hispanic Heritage Month 2023, here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Caracas. This is a half-page worksheet with a one-sentence reading and two comprehension questions. Take note, please, of the fact that the reading’s one sentence is 26 words separated into two independent clauses with a semicolon. Depending on the students using this, you may want to do something with that sentence, e.g. breaking it into two sentences, each with its own period. That move will probably need a corollary move of composing another question or two–easily done in this Microsoft Word document.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.