Tag Archives: black history

Nelson Mandela on Committment

“I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for, and to see realized. But my lord, if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.”

Nelson Mandela, Statement at trail, Johannesburg, South Africa, 20 Apr. 1964

Excerpted from: Schapiro, Fred, ed. The Yale Book of Quotations. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.

Cultural Literacy: Zimbabwe

If you can use it–and I think it might be useful in a global studies class–here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Zimbabwe. This is a two-page worksheet with a reading of four sentences and nine comprehension questions. The reading includes material on the fact that Zimbabwe, when it was known as Rhodesia, (you know, the country Cecil Rhodes humbly named for himself) “was a a renegade state ruled by a white minority.”

In other words, there is room here to conduct an inquiry on the ugly nature of colonialism, particularly as a manifestation of white supremacy.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Jamaica Kincaid

“Jamaica Kincaid: (1949-) Antiguan novelist and short-story writer. Kincaid’s collection of ten short stories, At the Bottom of the River (1983), is distinctive in its poetic style and dream sequences. The collection explores what it means to grow up female in the Caribbean, through an intense mother/daughter relationship. Annie John (1985), an autobiographical novel, portrays a female protagonist struggling to establish an identity within the complexities of Caribbean society. Other works include A Small Place (1988), an essay about Antigua, and Lucy, a novel.”

Excerpted from: Murphy, Bruce, ed. Benet’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

Cultural Literacy: Colin Powell

Here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Colin Powell. This is a half-page document with a reading of three sentences and three comprehension worksheets. Once again, the authors and editors of The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy (Hirsch, E.D., Joseph F. Kett, and James Trefil, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2002) have come through with a short, punchy reading that includes the high points of this distinguished American’s career.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Bernard Coard on Low Expectations

“When the Teacher Does Not Expect Much From the Child: Most teachers absorb the brainwashing that everybody else in the society has absorbed—that Black people are inferior, are less intelligent, etcetera, than white people. Therefore the Black child is expected to do less well in school. The IQ tests which are given to the Black child, with all their cultural bias, give him a low score only too often. The teachers judge the likely ability of the child on the basis of this IQ test. The teacher has, in the form of the IQ test results, what she considers to be ‘objective’ confirmation of what everybody else in the society is thinking and sometimes saying: that the Black children on average have lower IQ than the white children, and must consequently be expected to do less well in class. Alderman Doulton of the Education Committee in the Borough of Haringey has expressed this view, and it is probably fair to say that the banding of children in Haringey for supposedly achieving equal groups of ability in all the schools was really clever plot to disperse the Black children in the borough throughout the school system. The notorious Professor Jensen, the Enoch Powell of the academic world, has added credence to the myth of Black inferiority by openly declaring that Black people are inherently less intelligent than whites, and therefore Black children should be taught separately.”

Excerpted from: Coard, Bernard. How the West Indian Child Is Made Educationally Sub-Normal in the British School System: 50th Anniversary Expanded Fifth Edition. Kingston, Jamaica: McDermott Publishing, 2021.

The Weekly Text, 9 February 2024, Black History Month 2024, Week II: Alex Wheatle Lesson 3

For this, the second week of Black History Month 2024, here is the third lesson of five on the life, times, and art of British Young Adult novelist Alex Wheatle. This lesson deals with the infamous New Cross House Fire on 18 January 1981. It was a fraught and seminal moment for Britain’s black community, and it is dealt with in the film that attends this unit, Alex Wheatle. The film dramatizes the events at New Cross on that night with a photomontage that is underpinned by Linton Kwesi Johnson, in particularly mellifluous voice, reading his poem about the event, “New Crass Massakah.”

If you open the link under Mr. Johnson’s name above, you will find the Wikipedia article on him that observes that in “2002 he became the second living poet, and the only black one, to be published in the Penguin Modern Classics series.” For some reason, finding that book proved very difficult, and I ended up with what would appear to be an American subsidiary edition published by Copper Canyon Press in Port Townshend, Washington. I assembled a large assortment of documents for this lesson.

Let’s start with this fine introduction to the the collection of Linton Kwesi Johnson poems, Mi Revalueshanary Fren (Port Townshend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press, 2006) I secured. The well-regarded American poet and novelist Russell Banks wrote it, and it is a doozy. I haven’t used it in both the instances I taught this unit, but I wanted to have it around so that I can use it to help students understand the importance of Mr. Johnson’s work. It seems that I have some future plans for this document, because I took the time to prepare a second version with a lexicon appended.

I open this lesson with this context clues worksheet on the adjective crass. The reading for this lesson, unsurprisingly, is the poem “New Crass Massakah.” I prepared this second version with each stanza numbered if you need something a bit more supportive and supported. Should you need to use the numbered version, you’ll probably need to do some editing on the comprehension and analysis worksheet that attends the poem.

Finally, here is the list of the New Cross dead. Nota bene, please, that the oldest of them was 22–and most were teenagers.

If you find typos in these documents, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Image

Places in Black History: 70 Fifth Avenue, Greenwich Village, New York, New York

70 Fifth Avenue Plague

W.E.B. Du Bois on the Problem of the Twentieth Century

“The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color-line—the relation of the darker to the lighter races in Asia and Africa, in America and the islands of the sea.”

W.E.B. Du Bois, The Souls of Black Folk ch. 2 (1903)

Excerpted from: Schapiro, Fred, ed. The Yale Book of Quotations. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006.

Cultural Literacy: Ghana

Should you need it, here is a Cultural Literacy worksheet on Ghana. This is a full-page worksheet with a reading of three sentences and seven comprehension questions. The worksheet is heavy on geographic information about the greater region of West Africa, so it may well be appropriate for independent practice.

If you find typos in this document, I would appreciate a notification. And, as always, if you find this material useful in your practice, I would be grateful to hear what you think of it. I seek your peer review.

Modern Jazz Quartet

“Modern Jazz Quartet: U.S. jazz ensemble founded by pianist John Lewis, vibraphonist Milt Jackson, drummer Kenny Clarke, and bassist Ray Brown in 1951. They originally worked together as the rhythm section for Dizzy Gillespie’s big band in 1946. The quartet established a reserved and subtle approach to the modern jazz innovations of the mid-1940s, incorporating elements of classical chamber music with original compositions and jazz standards. Percy Heath replaced Brown in 1952, and Connie Kay replaced Clarke in 1955; upon Kay’s death in 1994, Percy’s brother Albert ‘Tootie’ Heath joined the group.”

Excerpted/Adapted from: Stevens, Mark A., Ed. Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Encyclopedia. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, 2000.